the *DON* JONES INDEX…
	GAINS POSTED in GREEN LOSSES POSTED in RED 5/1/25... 14,733.62 4/24/25... 14,733.62 6/27/13... 15,000.00
*(THE DOW* JONES INDEX: 5/1/25... 40,669.36; 4/24/25... 39,606.57; 6/27/13… 15,000.00)**

LESSON for MAY 1^st, 2025 – “MAY DAY MAYDAY!”

Today is May Day, in chronology, legend and legion. Not necessarily “Mayday” – which is a military signal for distress in a military or civilian emergency... an emergent tornado, an active shooter, an industrial or vehicular accident... but, in two words, “May” “Day” as, when conjoined, can connote either a festive or confrontational occasion – ranging from a peaceful but militant labor dispute, such as a strike or boycott, all the way up to insurrectionry acts and circumstances.

The Wikilexicologists differentiate and define the one word latter

@a1

In the two-word festive designation,

@a2

The confrontational dates back to @

@a3

The twenty-first century has seen wide variations in the purposes, personages and potency of the May Day movements in the streets and in the suites. Partisanship manifests. Because of its origins within organized labor, American May Day protests tend to be of a liberal middle-to-higher ground, although there are examples of conservative acts of resistance... corporate shareholder actions or demonstrations against criminals or migrants or other despised persons, despicable or not. The Jan. 6^th attack on the Capitol, on behalf of an individual... a defeated politician in this instance... could fall under the May Day umbrella, as also certain movements, coups, changes and corrections of an economic, political or religious nature

Considering last week’s death of Pope Francis, his funeral service Saturday and upcoming Papal Conclave (which the DJI will examine in Indices to come), all of the forests of timber to produce paper, all the pixels and transmissions of television, social and even anti-social media generated by his passing produced much in the way of history, but with a dearth of discussion on the former Jorge Mario Bergoglio in the Argentina of the 20^th century “dirty wars” under military regimes, like those in Chile, Paraguay and other Latin American nations on the right – Cuba or Nicaragua on the left, gave rise to widespread slaughter and repression, peaceful and armed resistance, migrations and eventually, with the passage of that troubled century, accommodations of a sort as steered even the Venezuelans and Salvadorans back towards stasis, albeit with an often rising tide of criminal cartels as colluded with the elected, appointed or self-appointed officials purportedly charged with controlling them.

Some Argentinians still number Francis with the gangsters and the criminals and celebrated his death and descent into Hell.

"I see a lot of joy and celebration for Pope Francis, but I'm living his election with a lot of pain."

These were the words of Graciela Yorio, the sister of Orlando Yorio - a priest who was kidnapped in May 1976 and tortured for five months during Argentina's last military government, as recorded by the BBC more than a decade ago. (ATTACHMENT FOUR)

Ms. Yorio accused the then-Father Jorge Mario Bergoglio of effectively delivering her brother and fellow priest Francisco Jalics into the hands of the military authorities by declining to endorse publicly their social work in the slums of Buenos Aires, which infuriated the junta at the time.

Their kidnapping took place during a period of massive state repression of left-wing activists, union leaders and social activists which became known as the "Dirty War".

Orlando Yorio has since died. But, in a statement, Fr Jalics said on Friday he was "reconciled with the events and, for my part, consider them finished".

The Vatican has strenuously denied Pope Francis was guilty of any wrongdoing.

"There has never been a credible, concrete accusation against him," its spokesman, Fr Federico Lombardi, told reporters in Rome.

In 2010, then-Cardinal Bergoglio was asked to testify in the trial over the "stolen babies" - children born to the regime's opponents who were taken and handed over to be raised in suitable military families after their mothers were killed.

The cardinal said he had only known about that practice after democracy returned to Argentina in 1983.

Pope Francis has testified twice in two separate cases, but has never been formally investigated. There is no evidence that he was in collusion with the regime.

But the actions of the Roman Catholic Church during the Dirty War are still being called into question.

Two journalistic investigations - one in 1986, the other in 2005 - argued that the new Pope was a "collaborationist".

The first was published by a lawyer Emilio Mignone, who founded the Centre for Legal and Social Studies (CELS), an Argentine human rights NGO. The second investigation was carried out by the current president of CELS, Horacio Verbitsky. Both stated the view that Fr Bergoglio was close to the military.

According to the Vatican's official spokesman, the accusations against Pope Francis "come from parts of the anti-clerical left".

So Veep Vance, perhaps, felt he was on friendly turf when he visited the Pope shortly before Francis’ death.

“We might never quite know what Pope Francis said to the US vice-president during their very brief meeting on Sunday. In the widely shared video clip, it was hardly audible,” wrote Jan-Werner Müller in the liberal Guardian U.K. (Wed 23 Apr., ATTACHMENT FIVE). The morning after, Francis died, and Vance jetted to visit India, finding time to tweet that his heart went out to the millions of Christians who loved Francis (implying, I suppose, that not all Catholics loved him) and patronizing the dead pontiff by calling one of his homilies “really quite beautiful”).

Contending that the Catholic convert Veep had “smuggled nationalism” into his interpretation of St Augustine’s notion of ordo amoris, the “right ordering of love”. the Pope found his sentiments nearer those of Hungary’s Viktor Orban, a friend of Trump, than to the Catholic President John F. Kennedy – specifically for his accusations that US bishops supported resettling “illegal immigrants” in order to obtain federal funds (an accusation deemed “very nasty” by Cardinal Timothy Dolan).

The point is not that the correct understanding of Catholicism (or Christian Democratic political parties, as they have existed in Europe and Chile) has always been liberal; that’s hardly plausible. The point is that Francis reaffirmed that Catholicism is not compatible with the “America first” (and humanity last) view of the Trumpists.

The Catholic (for that matter, most religions’) view of social and economic issues (that do not include abortion or anything to do with sex) tends to be towards the center-right... the wealthy and powerful have a right (by birth or accomplishment) to rule, but must exhibit mercy towards the less fortunate (whether immigrants or, in the case of today’s holiday) the working classes – so long as their protests and actions to improve their status do not threaten the kings and counselors with violence.

So, as rapid changes have overtaken Americans as this first hundred days of Donald Trump’s restoration are either celebrated or condemned, the governing board of today’s “50501” protests (“signifying 50 protests in 50 states for one cause”) issued a statement to May Day protesters that participants will be expected "to de-escalate any potential confrontation with those who disagree with our values."

The planners (who eschewed personal details and, in some cases, chose not to identify themselves) include religious gatherings, labor organizations and advocates for immigrants’ and others rights, and explicitly confirmed their "commitment to nonviolence in all we do", adding: "This is a war on working people—and we will not stand down. They're defunding our schools, privatizing public services, attacking unions, and targeting immigrant families with fear and violence. Working people built this nation and we know how to take care of each other. We won't back down—we will never stop fighting for our families and the rights and freedoms that propel opportunity and a better life for all Americans. Their time is up." (Newsweek, April 21^st, ATTACHMENT SIX)

The decentralized protests have already begun and been noted by the media... albeit not so pointedly as they would had riots ensued... and have been planned nationwide, even in the deepest of deep-red states.

Specifics have been posted on their website charging that: "Trump and his billionaire profiteers are trying to create a race to the bottom—on wages, on benefits, on dignity itself. This May Day we are fighting back. We are demanding a country that puts our families over their fortunes—public schools over private profits, healthcare over hedge funds, prosperity over free market politics."

Newsweek also noted that he unnamed organizers, perhaps timid in their anonymity, warned that the Trump administration might be looking towards the protests as a means of steering the country close to fascism inasmuch as past protests (from the Kent and Jackson state massacres of the antiwar 1960s back a century or more to the Haymarket riots in Chicago in support of the eight hour day).

Grassroots group 50501, which is promoting the nationwide demonstrations on Saturday, issued the warning on the Bluesky social media platform.

The group said that the Trump administration could misrepresent the aims of the actions "to justify the use of military force," Newsweek reported (ATTACHMENT SEVEN)

They also warned that participants should be prepared for an increased law enforcement presence and that ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) agents might be present. 50501 added that its movement is pro-democracy and "firmly grounded in non-violence" according to a blog called We (the People) Dissent which can be found here.

In Washington, D.C, protests are planned outside Vice President JD Vance's house on the grounds of the U.S. Naval Observatory and near Lafayette Square; and near the Washington Monument on Saturday, the Washington Post reported.

However, not every gathering will be a protest and events will include food drives, mutual aid events and potlucks, according 50501. Some locations will focus on particular issues, such as climate, LGBTQ+ rights, antifascism and federal funding cuts.

Whether or not the caution of the 50501 leadership is due to concern for the lives, liberty and safety of the protests, or represents an outgrowth of the paranoia that is already causing large institutions, corporations and the media to “bend the knee” to Trump who, after all still has over thirteen hundred days in which to advance his agenda (assuming he does not overturn the 22^nd Amendment and garner a third, fourth or, should he live to 100, a seventh term – or is not succeeded by Donald Junior or... as might make even rock-ribbed Republicans queasy... Eric!).

The World Freedom Index today considers Argentina “partially free” with a score near to the worldwide average and about the same as Brazil, but substantially less free than Chile, also under dictatorship during the Reagan years. The United States, scoring the same as the United Kingdom ranks as “mostly free.” (ATTACHMENT EIGHT)

Switzerland is considered the freest nation in the world as of the last ranking – Syria was worst (but may have improved slightly, even under a former terrorist, since their own May Day revolution). If so, that particular honor would then fall to Yemen.

@ a9 efficacy of repression analyze syria

The 50501 gang may be rather cautious, even capitulatory in its estimation of the Trump administration’s intent to lock up and/or murder dissenters but there’s still good ol’ revolutionary sentiment percolating at least in one notorious quarter... the Revolutionary Communist Party, still under its maximum leader Bob Avakian (now 82).

“This May 1st and in the days that follow,” Chairman Bob dictates, “we will join with and build protests called by RefuseFascism.org, and by others opposing Trump/MAGA fascism... or where there isn’t one locally, call for one!”

Promising to manifest as “a bold, disciplined, organized force that is serious about defeating fascism and serious about getting rid of the whole system that spawned it... (w)e will act together in a unified way to have an impact that is greater than our numbers so that, around the country, people are inspired and challenged to become part of this.” (ATTACHMENT TEN)

Calling for patriots and revolutionaries to distribute Bob’s leaflet, REVCOM proposes to tear down a capitalist/imperialistic United States that is “criminally, monstrously absurd—and completely outmoded” and asks its volunteers to put their “lives on the line... not for ourselves alone, or for a narrow circle or clique, but for the emancipation of humanity: that is something truly worth living for and dedicating your life to.”

After all, according to

21^ST CENTURY

A11 get@ AMERICAN REVs (see attach)

LOOKING BACK 20, 19, 18

Yesterday being Trump’s hundredth day, liberals, Democrats and even some Republicans and independents who feared that the new regime might be at least “problematical” have had their dreads confirmed and May Day, 2025 has seen reports and signals of “Mayday!” emanating from the throats and devices of the usual suspects... labor and public and private defenders of truth, justice and the American Way (if not the Gulf of America).

The term “Mayday” comes from the French phrase “m’aidez” or “venez m’aider”—meaning “help me” or “come help me.” It is a loanword adopted into English to serve as an international distress call; coined in the 1920s by Frederick Stanley Mockford, “a senior radio officer at Croydon Airport near London,” who, according to the liberal Daily Kos, needed a word easily understood by both English and French-speaking aviators and mariners. “Mayday” was officially adopted as the standard spoken distress signal at the International Radiotelegraph Convention in Washington, D.C., in 1927. The signal must be spoken three times in succession to ensure clarity and avoid confusion with similar-sounding words and, does not have connotations to either the festive or furious holiday but, contends Kos-Mic opinionator “Kirk L. C.” is the visual equivalent to flying the American flag upside down—“a recognized symbol of dire distress.”

Following others, Kirk reprised the 15^th century Maypole dancing and Beltane bonfires, the 19^th century labor wars as only ended in the legal right to the eight-hour workday until the Fair Labor Standards Act was passed on June 25, 1938. (ATTACHMENT TWELVE) The Kos-mic lads and ladies say May Day 2025 will revisit old struggles and engender the new... from recognizing “federal workers who have lost their jobs, the value of immigrant labor, the essential role of unions, and the millions of American workers struggling under the weight of low wages, long hours, and limited protections,” as well as non-working issues as may be brought to the protests by groups of interest.

“In all its forms,” declaimed Kirk – perhaps going where no many has ever gone before, or just reminding the public: “help is needed, history matters, and the people have power.”

Today, the 101^st day of Trump 2.0, May Day is being celebrated (or endured) not only in the U.S.A. but worldwide (see charts and graphs for ATTACHMENT THREE below).

Reuters, dispatching a pair of observers to the colonies for Donald Trump’s first May Day back in 2017 (ATTACHMENT THIRTEEN) reported on many of the same contentious issues as have been brought back for 2025 after four years of President Joe – a pause or, if you will, a nap in the sunny but tiring lap of democracy.

Back in the day, there was no 50501, but there were other like-minding gatherings like “Make the Road”, an immigrant advocacy group that once claimed 20,000 members in New York – marshalling 500 protesters to rally in front of the Gotham offices of Wells Fargo and JPMorgan Chase & Co. where twelve were arrested.

The two banks were targeted because of their dealings with private companies that have built or manage some immigrant detention centres for the government, according to Jose Lopez, Make the Road New York's co-director of organising.

"The messaging for today was to stop to financing immigrant detention facilities," said Lopez. "This is going to be the first of many attacks against these corporations who, until they stop working with this administration, will continue to be on our target list."

More foreful protests occurred overseas, including pitched battles with police in Turkey and in France where protesters “hurled Molotov cocktails and other projectiles at” les flics. Meanwhile, “police in Instanbul fired tear gas and rubber bullets to break up a rally there as authorities detained more than 150 people in protests around that city.”

“The Paris rally came days ahead of the final round of a presidential election pitting far-right politician Marine Le Pen against centrist candidate Emmanuel Macron,” Reuters remembered – as also high tensions in Turkey after President Tayyip Edogan narrowly won a referendum, giving him sweeping new powers.

LePen lost then, but still hangs around, while Erdogan is proving a pivotmaster – dancing from Moscow to NATO and back again, according to the winds as whistle through his window. And Trump, mercurial then as now, was beginning his crackdown on illegal immigration “as he presses police agencies around the country to assist federal efforts at rounding up individuals sought for deportation and threatens to withhold federal dollars for cities that do not cooperate,” which, then and now, were dubbed "sanctuary cities."

Attorney General Jeff Sessions had also stirred an outcry by saying, in 2017, that so-called "dreamers" - illegal immigrants who entered the United States as children and were granted protection under the Obama administration - were subject to deportation.

And now, eight years after, that other Britbox, the Guardian covered the Easter preview of May Day in the colonies... the fourth protest event to be staged by the group since Trump was inaugurated on 20 January. Previous events included a “No Kings Day” on President’s Day, 17 February, a theme adopted before Trump referred to himself as a king in a social media post days later.

Enumerating large protests from California to Maine and even knocking at King Charles’ backdoor in Dublin GUK reported that the Easter Uprising protesters... some fearful, others feisty... identified a variety of concerns, each unified under a common theme: opposition to the second Trump presidency – grievance carried over to May Day.

In Massachusetts, 80-year-old retired mason Thomas Bassford told CBS News that he believed US citizens were under attack from their own government, saying: “This is a very perilous time in America for liberty. Sometimes we have to fight for freedom.” (GUK, ATTACHMENT FOURTEEN)

“We are losing our country,” demonstrator Sara Harvey told the New York Times in Jacksonville, Florida. “I’m worried for my grandchildren,” she said. “I do it for them.”

“Oppositions to authoritarian governments have to use multiple channels always,” said Steven Levitsky, a political scientist at Harvard University and co-author, with Daniel Ziblatt, of “How Democracies Die.” They “have to use the courts where those are available. They have to use the ballot box when that’s available, and they have to use the streets when necessary – that can shape media framing and media discourse, which is very, very important.”

Even the Fox took note of the Easter uprisings with interest, if not support.

The “National Day of Action” demonstrations, the Fox said, were “loud, sprawling and carefully choreographed, complete with Google Maps for local events and printable posters.” (April 19^th, ATTACHMENT FIFTEEN)

More than 700 events were held nationwide, “one of the largest single-day protest efforts since President Trump returned to office in January,” the Washington Post also reported.

Some of the 50501 coalitionists distributed pocket-size copies of the Constitution, urging passersby to "read what we’re fighting for." Many participants pledged to keep returning "as long as it takes." The protests were timed not just for impact, but for symbolism because April 19 also marked the 250th anniversary of the Battles of Lexington and Concord, the dawn of the American Revolution. Protesters said they were responding to Trump’s expanded use of the Alien Enemies Act of 1798, agency budget cuts and attempts to curb protections for groups like immigrants and transgender people.

"We’re not here for just one march," one organizer told the Post. "This is about building community infrastructure to withstand what’s happening in Washington."

Which may help, given that President Joe’s remaining infrastructure budget is being sliced like an Easter ham.

Retired government worker Bob Fasick, concerned about cuts to Social Security and government health programs joined the mob demonstrating (peacefully) in Washington.

"I cannot sit still," he told the AP. "We are leaving a world to our children that I don’t want to live in."

The maydaystrong strongmen and women... some sort of affiliated with 50501, some not, but far less belonging to the Avakian Army... issued their May Day Manifesto (ATTACHMENT SIXTEEN), as specified that Trump and his billionaire profiteers were “trying to create a race to the bottom—on wages, on benefits, on dignity itself. This May Day we are fighting back. We are demanding a country that puts our families over their fortunes—public schools over private profits, healthcare over hedge funds, prosperity over free market politics.”

Which took on more impact today as the President pressed for more religious education in the public schools and, for the hardliners, replacing them entirely with pro-choice “madrassas”.

They included a list of over two hundred supporters and sponsors as ran the gamut from hoary old standbys like Greenpeace and Move On and the National Education Association to lesser known gatherings like the MayDayMovementUSA.org to Indivisible Las Vegas; from Necessary Behavior to the Pennsylvania Pure Patriots (as opposed to the impure ones, like Tommy Jefferson?): from the Dream Defenders to the Disability Culture Lab. There will come the contingent from UltraViolet (not “violent”) Action and the Pittsburgh Communist Party and, for the faithful, the NETWORK Lobby for Catholic Social Justice and JewsOfConscience who posted on Reddit that the Biblical apocalypse was nearing, and that persons of intelligence (and conscience) should fear the New Scripture, the well-circulated "Project 2025" manifesto, “outlining a veritable coup d'etat-from-within, the repression of resistance, and the establishment of a new, more centralized, pseudo-theocratic authoritarianism; now to be enacted under a government wherein all three branches are stacked in favor of the regime through machinations of statecraft conducted by the same while it held office against the vote of the people.

“Moreover, with these threats comes the promise that the myriad crises facing the American people and those overseas who suffer unduly from our policies, will have no hope of mitigation. A palpable state of shock and fatigue seems to prevail. Fascists are taking over the machine of our society, forgetful that it is we the people who are that machine. (ATTACHMENT SEVENTEEN) To resist, and survive, these Jews... presumably not Netanyahu supporters called for a total boycott shortly after Inauguration Day.

A total work stoppage. “You don't even have to protest if you don't want to, just stay home... stop buying everything. Don't buy anything, at all!” Pointing out that “(t)here are three months between inauguration day and May Day,” the Jews advised “(s)tart stocking up on groceries now in preparation to boycott, and get ready to do some gardening this spring! Set aside money for living expenses. Find alternative platforms to maintain contact with your social media people and start moving those connections over.”

In other words, we’re all survivalists now. Or Palestinians.

Google, inadvertently, proposed a solution. Among its May Day attachments... and quite nearer the top than you might think that Messrs. @ and Brin intended... is a solution to the apocalypse, courtesy of the Wisconsin Dept. of Natural Resources (DNR – and don’t presume, it’s not an order for allowing the drowning Cheeseheads to pass on but, rather, a notice that “Opening day for Wisconsin fishing is traditionally the first Saturday in May.”)

Well, that offs the grid once the extreme extremities of tariffs and recession kick in. There are specifics on trout and bass, on pike and crappie (a fish, not an exclamation) and the directory closes with the warning that: it is illegal to fish for unlisted species during the closed season – and “this includes catch-and-release fishing!” Be sure to be familiar with the fish on this list. (ATTACHMENT EIGHTEEN) These rules and regulations may not be applicable in the event of the Apocalypse.

There was a strange confluence in the end times projections of the left-wing fifty fifties, off-the-grid Jews and some Americans interviewed and highlighted by the far-right Moonie Washington Times.

“This is a very perilous time in America for liberty,” said 80-year-old retired mason Thomas Bassord as he attended a reenactment of the Battles of Lexington and Concord and “the shot heard ’round the world” with his partner, (Moonie woke for “wife”?) daughter and two grandsons. “I wanted the boys to learn about the origins of this country and that sometimes we have to fight for freedom.”

Boston resident George Bryant, who was among protesting in Concord, a Boston suburb, said was concerned Trump was creating a “police state” in America as he held up a sign saying, “Trump fascist regime must go now!”

“He’s defying the courts. He’s kidnapping students. He’s eviscerating the checks and balances,” Bryant said. “This is fascism.”

In Washington, Bob Fasick said he came out to the rally by the White House out of concern about threats to constitutionally protected due process rights, as well as Social Security and other federal safety-net programs.

The Trump administration, among other things, has moved to shutter Social Security Administration field offices, cut funding for government health programs and scale back protections for transgender people.

“I cannot sit still knowing that if I don’t do anything and everybody doesn’t do something to change this, that the world that we collectively are leaving for the little children, for our neighbors is simply not one that I would want to live,” said the 76-year-old retired federal employee from Springfield, Virginia.

“Marshall Green, who was among the protesters, said he was most concerned that Trump has invoked the wartime Alien Enemies Act of 1798 by claiming the country is at war with Venezuelan gangs linked to the South American nation’s government.

“Congress should be stepping up and saying no, we are not at war. You cannot use that,” the 61 year-old Morristown, New Jersey resident said. “You cannot deport people without due process, and everyone in this country has the right to due process no matter what.”

What the Hades have the WashTimers been smoking? Could this be confirmation that MAGA is melting with the time... or is SoKo seeking détente with NoKo as part of the Russia, China, USA morris dancing ‘round allegiances, alliances and potential WW3?

Fortunately for Donnie, there was the peanut gallery (since America still produces its own goobers, so long as Carter-hating patriots don’t nuke Georgia).

“The idiots don't know we are a republic, with republican ideals,” said PV. “They have been indoctrinated into believing the leftist propaganda.

“What, no fires, looting and building take-overs?” signed MJ. “Democrats are getting soft these days.”

And this May Day from DS upon staying up late, watching “The Wild One”...

“Hey, Johnny, what are you rebelling against?” Replies Brando with a world-weary sigh, (perhaps anticipating today’s fun ‘n frolics... or the 2021 attack on the Capitol) “...What’ve you got?”

THE ISSUES

Yes, a few of these even surfaced amidst the May Day rhetoric from statists, stasis-ist and revolutionaries. There were the business and labor advocates (closer together, now, with the tariff troubles beginning), proponents and detractors of science, AI and climate change, identity propagandists, 2026 and 2028 Democratic dreamers and Republican schemers, spokesthings for democracy, the Constitution and God.

On April 21^st religious, as well as economic and security issues were addressed in a U.S. News roundup of immigration roundup news... the amateur psychologists at that medium attempting to explain Djonald UnChained’s first One Hundred Days. (ATTACHMENT TWENTY)

Their findings include...

1. He Can Never Admit an Error

Trump’s own Justice Department and solicitor general – a political appointee whose job is to argue on the administration’s behalf before the Supreme Court – have said shipping immigrant Kilmar Abrego Garcia to a Salvadoran prison infamous for human rights abuses was a mistake, the result of “administrative error.”

But the administration has thus far refused to fix it.

2. We Don’t Know What His El Salvador Deal Entails

It appears that El Salvador is holding Abrego Garcia under an agreement in which the United States is paying, or has paid, at least $6 million to imprison about 300 people that the Trump administration contends are gang members.

We know next to nothing about the agreement, which the administration has not made public.

3. How Long Will He Resist the Courts?

After Abrego Garcia’s shipment overseas – “deportation” does not accurately convey what’s happening here, which is closer to the widely condemned practice of extraordinary rendition – judges all the way up to the Supreme Court have held that the administration should “facilitate” his return.

The administration has taken no public steps to comply and indeed has mockingly declared “he’s not coming back.”

4. Will He Target U.S. Citizens?

Trump has not been shy about his interest in shipping U.S. citizens to El Salvador. He even told Bukele in the Oval Office he was exploring sending “homegrown” detainees there. He has emphasized he means violent criminals.

The Associated Press says that would likely be illegal – even a violation of a provision Trump signed in his first term. Trump and senior aides say they are exploring exactly that question: Is it legal?

And Pete Hegseth vs. the neocons? Is it that simple?

The MAGA foreign policy world spent much of 2024 blaming Joe Biden for involving the US in a proxy war against Russia, being fought by Ukraine.

Now, those same conservatives are engaged in a much different kind of proxy fight.

Donald Trump is sticking by his embattled cabinet secretary, Pete Hegseth.

At least, for now. The president famously hates being embarrassed by his various deputies, though he dislikes acknowledging his critics or handing them a “win” nearly as much.

But in conservative circles, the discussion over Hegseth’s fate has evolved from palace intrigue and a simple discussion about the secretary’s professionalism to a deeper debate over the two main factions vying for control of the second Trump administration’s foreign policy agenda. (Independent U.K. ATTACHMENT TWENTY ONE)

Many believe outright that the criticism of Hegseth is tied to hawkish conservatives seeking to oust one of the administration’s key anti-interventionist voices at a time of upheaval for US-Iran relations.

@insert may day demos. Violent?

Our Lesson: April 24 through April 30, 2025

Thursday, April 24, 2025

Dow: 40.093.40

A “river of people” visit Pope Francis in his plain wooden coffin under high security – 90,000 and rising. His funeral is set for early Saturday morning (Rome time), very very early US.

President Trump changes his tone in the trade war, promises to cut deals, but China says they won’t deal. He also says he’s out of patience with Zelenskyy for not accepting Putin’s proposal to take Crimea and other land and people – Z-man says “it’s our territory.” ComSec Bessent says “America first doen’t mean America alone.” Critics condemn Trump’s profiting from crypto.

New Jersey wildfires are only 50% contained with toxic smoke headed northeast to New York, southeast to Philly.

Friday, April 25, 2025

Dow: 40,113.30

Trump says his deal will hurt the Russians by not letting them conquer all of Ukraine and then storming West. Both Zelenskyy and Mad Vlad reject his deal. Russia resumes bombing civilians and Ukes retaliate by blowing up a Russian General. Boasting that he has cut 200 deals in his first 100 days, Donnie calls China’s Xi “a great kinda guy.” There’s more Pete dirt – Hegseth accuses aide Adam Gady of leaking info on Elon Musk, who says that he will soon wrap up his gumment job and go back to Tesla,

Mismanaged immigrant remains in Salvadoran prison while FBI arrests Milwaukee Jude Hannah Dugan for attempting to help a migrant believed to be a gangster. In New Mexico, a magistrate and his wife are arrested for harboring aliens. Another Fed judge Stephanie Gallagher, a Trump appointee, demands that he return his migrants hostages.

AyGee Pam Bondi says healthcare honcho killer Sergio Mangione should be put to death – not only for murder but for breaching class calm with... dare it be said... revolutionary violence. His lawyers say that his mental problems should preclude the death penalty. Fanboys and, especially, fangirls send him love letters and money and many call him a hero. (He’s not a hero because 1) victim Brian Johnson didn’t do anything to specifically harm him, although assorted sources in the gumment say United Health did have a history of gouging and cheating sick Americans; and 2) Sergio shot him in the back, not face to face. Anybody who watches the Western movies agrees that back-shooters are cowards, no matter their cause. – DJI )

Saturday, April 26, 2025

Dow: Closed

Pope Francis’ funeral tramspires bright and early in the morning (Rome time) but in the dead of night across the U.S.A. The service at St. Mary Major is the first to be held outside the Vatican in a century – the homily, delivered by Cardinal Re exclaims that the dead Pontiff was a shepherd. Next will come nine days of mourning, after which the Conclave will begin sometime next week. The final tally of visitors to Sistine Chapel numbers about 250,000, more than for Benedict, but less than for JP II.

Among the visitors are Prince William, representing his father, the King, other royals and heads of state including American presidents Joe Biden and Donald Trump, as well as Ukraine’s Volodomyr Zelenskyy. Don and Volly meet for the first time since the cratering at the White House and talk agreeably about this and that and, while the Z-Man still refuses to give up Ukrainian territory to the Russian invaders, Djonald UnBloodthirsty calls out Bad Vlad for continuing to bomb civilian schools and hospitals while trying to cut a peace (or, at least, cease-fire) deal. This earns him some rare, if grudging, respect from Americans on the left, in the center, and some Republicans queasy over Donnie’s dealings with dictatos.

Teenage victims lobby Washington to criminalize AI “deepfake” pornography that portrays real, underaged lassies (and a few ladies) and garner a strange but important champion: First Lady Melania 2.0. This at a time when crime is reported declining (except in Democrat-run cities, MAGA barks) but cybercrime, especially child pornography, scams on seniors and cryptoscams are more than doubling.

One perp less... Kristi Noem’s purse-snatcher is arrested in DC.

Sunday, April 27, 2025

Dow: Closed

Numbers counters, reckoners and mass media estimates that 1.4 billion Catholics (and more of other faiths or no faith at all) tuned in to their devices of choice to say goodbye to Pope Frank as some, including persons of interest – even Cardinals take steps to make him a Saint.

Back to the normal spectacle gobbling and celebrity worship in America: Beyonce wil begin her “Cowboy Curtis”... er Carter... tour, @, movies sports

Sunday talksters and former party chairs Donna Brazile and Reince Priebus make a half-moon table and make their usual partisan arguments on @ while former NatSec Sec. Jake Sullivan expresses hope that Trump/Zelenskyy talks in Rome might lead to action in Kyev. But all that town gets is more bombing. Jake the Snake says now that somebody else is in charge, he doesn’t want to do any “backseat driving” but then adds that “the car (America’s reputation among its estranged former allies) is going over the cliff.”

CBS regular Chris Christie supports arrest of Judge Dugan (above) as safer for ICE agents to make arrests in public places like schools and churches, Sarah Isgur compares their raid on children to “a custody dispute.” Trump immigration policies are compared to those of Gerald Ford, who accepted refugees from S. Vietnam: unfavorably.

On “Face the Nation”, Margaret Brennan on Trump’s falling polls: “It’s the prices,” Gary Cohn of IBM says that the booming econom is due to panic buying in anticipation of tariffs whose effect will show up in about a month, adding that tariffs are regressive.

Russian foreign minister Sergei Lavrov says that the Ukrainian kids taken to Russia were war orphans.

Monday, April 28, 2025

Dow: 40,227.59

It’s National Blueberry Pie day.

Car ramming in Vancouver kills eleven and injures more than twenty. Not viewed as Terrorism... yet... nor having anything to do with Canadian elections Tuesday, but the driver is charged with murder for drunk driving.

President Trump returns from Rome, calls his meeting with President Zelenskyy “productive” even after Mad Vlad Putin gets really mad because he did not dare attending the Pope’s funeral and, in his absence, the Americans are growing concerned about his increasing bloodthirstiness in bombing civilian targets. President Z. calls the meeting “historic” – but we’ve haerd this before.

The long lines waiting to get into St. Peter’s during the Pope’s public viewing migrate to the church of Santa Maria Meijor, where he’s been entombed. Next, the Cardinals fly into Rome for the Conclave, beginning 5/7.

Trump’s homecoming is tarnished by angry town meetings for G.O.P. incumbents in House and Senate, leading POTUS to reiterate that he’s working on “200 deals” but can’t, or won’t. reveal details. China denies any deals jpcoming and the online merchers at Shein trump Trump’s 145% tariffs by charging Amercian shoppers a 372% tariff – leading to empty shelves and small business bankruptcies.

Yemen accuses America of bombing a prison holding African migrants... Republicans and Houthis not so far apart on that... killing dozens. No progress in Ukraine, despite meetings, nor in Gaza. “This will be the week!” says SecState Rubio – presumably for ending at least one war.

Trials for French jewel thieves who broke into Kim Kardashian’s hotel and stole $6 million worth of bling begins after ten years... by now they are being called the “Grampa gang”. Karen Read@ murder defense team throws a curveball – hires one of the jurors of the first hung-jury trial as their consultant.

“Sinners” repeats as rare horror movie to top the B.O. charts.

Tuesday, April 29, 2025

Dow: 38.034.03

Massive blackout strikes Spain and Portugal stranding tourists. Leaving millions powerless.

President Trump preps for tomorrow’s celebrations by signing EOs targeting truck drivers who now have to speak English, and sanctuary cities in a roomful of police, prosecutors and ICE agents, most in cowboy hats. He waves off complaints about deporting kids, saying that: “Having a child does not make you immune from our laws.” His drill baby, drill agenda takes a hit, however, as DOGE wipes out health and safety provisions protecting coal miners, sparking a “brutal” rebound of Black Lung Disease and RFK’s AHA slashes NIOSH.

Another bug in his burger is the upset re-election of Mark Carney in Canada. Carney was trailing a Trumpish conservative candidate by double digits... until the American President said he wanted to annex their “51^st State”. Carney roared back on an anti-American platform and will serve another term as PM.

In land, sea and air “oops” moments, four children killed by a car that rams a daycare center in Illinois, a Navy fighter jet falls over the side of an aircraft carrier in the Red Sea and one is killed and dozens injured in a Clearwater ferry crash. The toll would have been much higher but pirate-costumed cruisers turn Good Samaritans and pull drowning passengers out of the drink.

Wednesday, April 30, 2025

Dow: 39,606.57

President Trump celebrates his 100^th Day with rallies and parties in swing-state Michigan and holds a TV interview where he tells the Joneses to “hang tough” on tariffs and prices, reinterating that empty shelves and falling stock prices are due to hoarding, and that migrant Garcia was rightly deported as a gangster and/or terrorist but does throw the liberals and health nuts a bone by saying he endorses measles vaccines. While Bobby the K. seethes, Elon the DOGE cuts funds for Americorps and crime fighting.

Criminals quickly respond. A bald guy in shorts shoots up tourists in Times Square, NYC, car killer above identified as mental case while another kills 7 in ramming – although that’s in Canada. A fugitive kangaroo is also captured hopping down an Alabama highway – but that can’t be attributed to Trump or Musk.

NFL draft trolls prank Shadeau @ and are fined, social media hates on former Superbowl coach Bill Belichick (73) for taking a girlfriend (24), NBA playoffs continue and, in music, Michael Bolton admits to brain cancer, Samantha Bee to menopause and Barbara Steisand will do an album of duets.

From Wall Street Journal, Tuesday: The "Sell America" trade picked back up on Monday. Stocks fell, with the Dow industrials dropping almost 1,000 points and on pace for their worst April since 1932, and the dollar hit fresh multiyear lows against the euro and other major currencies. Yields on longer-term Treasurys rose and gold surged to a fresh record. Markets (were) on edge about President Trump's tariff war as well as his threats to fire Fed chief Jerome Powell. Trump on Monday demanded lower rates in a post on social media, saying costs are trending downward and the economy could slow "unless Mr. Too Late, a major loser, lowers interest rates, NOW."

Later, WSJ reported U.S. stock futures rallied after President Trump said he is not planning to fire Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell.

“None whatsoever. Never did,” Trump told reporters in the Oval Office on Tuesday when asked if he had plans to oust Powell. “The press runs away with things. No, I have no intention of firing him.”

Earlier Tuesday, U.S. shares rebounded, with major indexes climbing 2.5% or more and big tech stocks regaining some ground lost a day earlier. Traders were cheered by optimism from the White House on tariff negotiations. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said at an investor summit that he expects the trade war with China to de-escalate and believes a deal can be reached, according to people familiar with the matter. Bloomberg reported the news earlier.

The rally continued yesterday but crashed today, causing cynics to accuse the President of jiggering the stock and bond markets so that his billionaire buddies could profit off the ups and downs.

With all the tossing and turning, by the end of the week the Indices had closed in near-perfect balance with themselves... moving about as much as a pregnant 97 year old tortoise.

THE DON JONES INDEX

CHART of CATEGORIES w/VALUE ADDED to EQUAL BASELINE of 15,000

(REFLECTING… approximately… DOW JONES INDEX of June 27, 2013)

Gains in indices as improved are noted in GREEN. Negative/harmful indices in RED as are their designation. (Note – some of the indices where the total went up created a realm where their value went down... and vice versa.) See a further explanation of categories HERE

ECONOMIC INDICES		(60%)
CATEGORY	VALUE	BASE	RESULTS by PERCENTAGE			SCORE		OUR SOURCES and COMMENTS
INCOME	(24%)	6/17/13 revised 1/1/22	LAST	CHANGE	NEXT	LAST WEEK	THIS WEEK	THE WEEK’S CLOSING STATS...
Wages (hrly. Per cap)	9%	1350 points	4/17/24	+0.23%	5/25	1,564.72	1,564.72	https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/wages 30.96
Median Inc. (yearly)	4%	600	4/17/24	+0.05%	5/1/24	742.06	742.48	http://www.usdebtclock.org/ 43,630
Unempl. (BLS – in mi)	4%	600	4/17/24	+2.38%	5/25	543.13	543.13	http://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS14000000/ 4.2
Official (DC – in mi)	2%	300	4/17/24	-0.14%	5/1/24	220.22	219.91	http://www.usdebtclock.org/ 7,120
Unofficl. (DC – in mi)	2%	300	4/17/24	-0.25%	5/1/24	236.79	236.11	http://www.usdebtclock.org/ 13,605
Workforce Participation Number Percent	2%	300	4/17/24	+0.021% +0.074%	5/1/24	298.46	298.68	In 163,638 Out 102,585 Total: 266,223 61.467
WP % (ycharts)*	1%	150	4/17/24	+0.32%	5/25	151.19	151.19	https://ycharts.com/indicators/labor_force_participation_rate 62.50
OUTGO	(15%)
Total Inflation	7%	1050	4/17/24	+0.1%	5/25	941.49	941.49	http://www.bls.gov/news.release/cpi.nr0.htm +0.1
Food	2%	300	4/17/24	+0.4%	5/25	267.03	267.03	http://www.bls.gov/news.release/cpi.nr0.htm +0.4
Gasoline	2%	300	4/17/24	- 6.3%	5/25	253.54	253.54	http://www.bls.gov/news.release/cpi.nr0.htm -6.3
Medical Costs	2%	300	4/17/24	-0.5%	5/25	282.26	282.26	http://www.bls.gov/news.release/cpi.nr0.htm +0.5
Shelter	2%	300	4/17/24	+0.2%	5/25	255.10	255.10	http://www.bls.gov/news.release/cpi.nr0.htm +0.2
WEALTH
*Dow* Jones Index	2%	300	4/17/24	-0.16%	5/1/24	308.25	307.75	https://www.wsj.com/market-data/quotes/index/ 39,606.57
Home (Sales) (Valuation)	1% 1%	150 150	4/17/24	+4.41% +0.68%	5/25	128.69 282.27	128.69 282.27	https://www.nar.realtor/research-and-statistics Sales (M): 4.26 Valuations (K): 398.4 NC
Debt (Personal) CANCELLED 3/27	2%	300	4/17/24	+0.043%	dead	265.30	265.30	http://www.usdebtclock.org/ 75,162 CANCELLED crypto, credit card debt border encounters gold &silver

GOVERNMENT	(10%)
Revenue (trilns.)	2%	300	4/17/24	+0.14%	5/1/24	434.03	434.63	debtclock.org/ 5,101
Expenditures (tr.)	2%	300	4/17/24	+0.08%	5/1/24	290.93	290.68	debtclock.org/ 7,107
National Debt tr.)	3%	450	4/17/24	+0.07%	5/1/24	366.05	365.80	http://www.usdebtclock.org/ 36,763
Aggregate Debt (tr.)	3%	450	4/17/24	+0.10%	5/1/24	384.52	384.05	http://www.usdebtclock.org/ 103,331

TRADE	(5%)
Foreign Debt (tr.)	2%	300	4/17/24	-0.13%	5/1/24	278.62	278.26	http://www.usdebtclock.org/ 8,706
Exports (in billions)	1%	150	4/17/24	+3.22%	5/25	173.21	173.21	https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/current/index.html 278.5
Imports (in billions))	1%	150	4/17/24	+0.025%	“	135.96	135.96	https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/current/index.html 401.1
Trade Surplus/Deficit (blns.)	1%	150	4/17/24	+7.09%	“	171.99	171.99	https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/current/index.html 122.7

SOCIAL INDICES		(40%)
ACTS of MAN	(12%)
World Affairs	3%	450	4/17/24	+0.1%	5/1/24	474.64	475.11	Jordan bans Muslim Brotherhood, Syria’s new president, Ahmed al-Shara wants U.S. support or he’ll seek an alliance with Russia. Finland named world’s happiest country, Afghanistan saddest as UK and US decline.
War and terrorism	2%	300	4/17/24	+0.1%	5/1/24	287.84	288.13	More civilians bombed and shot in Palestinian and Ukraine wars, but a Russian general is car-bombed. Putin’s disrespect and rare mineral deal with Ukraine prompts Trump pivot. Starvation in Gaza critical after 60 days of blockades. 26 tourists in India massacred.
Politics	3%	450	4/17/24	nc	5/1/24	472.32	472.32	Trump to boycott National Correspondents’ gala (which also will ban comedians). More trouble for Pete Hegseth. Hardline anti-abortionists propose homicide trials for mothers. Alabma legislators pass drill bill for the oil & gas billionaires, one for the people, pausing cutting off electric and gas service to low icome families with small children, seniors and first responders
Economics	3%	450	4/17/24	-0.1%	5/1/24	439.21	438.77	Under Presidential pressure, Apple will out-outsource production from China to India. Merger talks between United and Jet Blue, GMC trucks recalled. UPS cuts 20,000 jobs, Jack-in-the-Box closing 200 eateries while Burger Bot opens more automated dataries. Its CEO says “This is the future.”
Crime	1%	150	4/17/24	nc	5/1/24	216.63	216.63	Bad driver accused of ramming crowd, killing @ (but not terrorism) in Vancouver, Canada. Criminal news includes mass shooting at Miami warehouse on “Take Your Childrnren to Work Day”, paramedic being stabbed to death by patient he was treating, rapper @ killed by music critic. Teen escapes stalker by running into store.
ACTS of GOD	(6%)
Environment/Weather	3%	450	4/17/24	-0.1%	5/1/24	369.36	368.99	Deadly flooding and tornadoes in Texas and Oklahome, moving north towards Minneapolis. Jersey wildfire called arson, 50% contained Friday – 15,000 acres burnt but spring showers predicted. Toxic coastal algae kills California whales, seals and dolphins.
Disasters	3%	450	4/17/24	+0.1%	5/1/24	413.64	414.05	Explosion at Iranian missile fuel depot kills 14 but nuke talks continue, Dancing teen atop car falls and is run over and killed by a fire truck.
LIFESTYLE/JUSTICE INDEX		(15%)
Science, Tech, Education	4%	600	4/17/24	+0.3%	5/1/24	615.84	617.69	NASA Lucy spaceship to investigate 150 million year old asteroid. Polls show Gen. Z increasing finding college educations not worth their cost. Elon Musk’s new Texas torn Starbase to serve Space X employees,
Equality (econ/social)	4%	600	4/17/24	-0.2%	5/1/24	659.16	657.84	Kenyan woman wants to be first to break 4 minutes mile, President Trump shrugs off tariff wars by saying spoiled kids get only two dolls for Christmas, not thirty. Big promotion for 100 top Asians by Gold Houe honors Michelle Yeoh and SNL’s Bowen Yang.
Health	4%	600	4/17/24	+0.1%	5/1/24	432.90	433.33	TV doctor says says Americans are “addicted to food; another identifies three leading Foods of Death as fat, sodium and sugar –all craveworthy due to legalization of THC soda. Nearly 200 Go and Grow carseats recalled for choking children. Wrestler John Cena fights hair loss (and future as a bald villain) with hair transplants.
Freedom and Justice	3%	450	4/17/24	nc	5/1/24	483.08	483.08	George Santos gets seven years. Teacher gets fired and a year for making a 7 year old eat his vomit. Trials of Marianne, Diddy, Karen Read, Menendez Bros. (and new friend, Rosie), NFL’s Shannon Sharpe, Harvey Weinstein.
CULTURAL and MISCELLANEOUS INCIDENTS			(6%)
Cultural incidents	3%	450	4/17/24	+0.1%	5/1/24	557.47	558.03	Cam Ward goes to Titans as draft pick #1. NBA playoffs nclude seeral buzzer beaters but, also, a Cleveland sweep of Miami, winning ty 55 points. “Sinners” wins big at box office. Pat Sajak pivots from hosting Wheel to acting onstage in the crime drama “Prescription Murder”. @ Carlos Santana recovering from COVID after cancelled show. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducts Joe Cocker, Warren Zevon, Cyndi Laupier and ... Chubby Checker! Jelly Roll seeks pardon for home invasion robbery rap, Smokey Robinson, 84, releases new album and Beyonce begins “Cowboy Carter” tour in L.A. with falling ticket prices. RIP: Epstein and Prince Andrew arm candy Virginia Giuffre, singer Lennie Welch, former child Sophie Nyweide (24 and pregnant), “Carrie” actress Priscilla Pointer (100),
Misc. incidents	4%	450	4/17/24	+0.3%	5/1/24	536.66	538.27	New Golden Bachelor appointed. Critics protest the 30,000 eggs rolled at the White House. Drivers’ star license snau causes long lines, anry Americans.

The Don Jones Index for the week of April 17^th through April 23^rd, 2025 was UP 2.19 points

The Don Jones Index is sponsored by the Coalition for a New Consensus: retired Congressman and Independent Presidential candidate Jack “Catfish” Parnell, Chairman; Brian Doohan, Administrator. The CNC denies, emphatically, allegations that the organization, as well as any of its officers (including former Congressman Parnell, environmentalist/America-Firster Austin Tillerman and cosmetics CEO Rayna Finch) and references to Parnell’s works, “Entropy and Renaissance” and “The Coming Kill-Off” are fictitious or, at best, mere pawns in the web-serial “Black Helicopters” – and promise swift, effective legal action against parties promulgating this and/or other such slanders.

Comments, complaints, donations (especially SUPERPAC donations) always welcome at feedme@generisis.com or: speak@donjonesindex.com.

ATTACHMENT ONE – FROM WIKIPEDIA

Mayday

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the distress signal. For the holidays celebrated on 1 May, see May Day. For other uses, see Mayday (disambiguation).

Mayday is an emergency procedure word used internationally as a distress signal in voice-procedure radio communications.

It is used to signal a life-threatening emergency primarily by aviators and mariners, but in some countries local organizations such as firefighters, police forces, and transportation organizations also use the term. Convention requires the word be repeated three times in a row during the initial emergency declaration ("Mayday mayday mayday").

History

The "mayday" procedure word was conceived as a distress call in the early 1920s by Frederick Stanley Mockford, officer-in-charge of radio at Croydon Airport, England. He had been asked to think of a word that would indicate distress and would easily be understood by all pilots and ground staff in an emergency.[1][2] Since much of the air traffic at the time was between Croydon and Le Bourget Airport in Paris, he proposed the term "mayday", the phonetic equivalent of the French m'aider (a short form of venez m'aider, "come [and] help me").[3][4] (M'aidez is non-standard French; the phrase Aidez moi is standard.) The term is unrelated to the holiday May Day.

Following tests, the new procedure word was introduced for cross-Channel flights in February 1923.[5] The previous distress call had been the Morse code signal SOS, but this was not considered suitable for voice communication, "[o]wing to the difficulty of distinguishing the letter 'S' by telephone".[5] In 1927, the International Radiotelegraph Convention of Washington, D.C. adopted the voice call "mayday" as the radiotelephone distress call in addition to the SOS radiotelegraph (Morse code) signal.[6]

Mayday calls

Duration: 4 minutes and 40 seconds.4:40

A maritime example: The actual mayday call made by MV Summit Venture when it collided with the Sunshine Skyway Bridge in 1980, causing the bridge to collapse.

Duration: 3 minutes and 31 seconds.3:31

A noise-reduced, condensed version of the above MV Summit Venture collision call.

If a mayday call cannot be sent because a radio is not available, a variety of other distress signals and calls for help can be used. Additionally, a mayday call can be sent on behalf of one vessel by another; this is known as a mayday relay.

Civilian aircraft making a mayday call in United States airspace are encouraged by the Federal Aviation Administration to use the following format, omitting any portions as necessary for expediency or where they are irrelevant (capitalization as in the original source):

Mayday, Mayday, Mayday; (Name of station addressed); Aircraft call sign and type; Nature of emergency; Weather; Pilot's intentions and/or requests; Present position and heading, or if lost then last known position and heading and time when aircraft was at that position; Altitude or Flight level; Fuel remaining in minutes; Number of people on board; Any other useful information.[7]

Making a false distress call is a criminal offense in many countries, punishable by a fine, restitution, and possible imprisonment.[8]

Other urgent calls

Pan-pan

Main article: Pan-pan

"Pan-pan" (from the French: panne, 'a breakdown') indicates an urgent situation, such as a mechanical failure or a medical problem, of a lower order than a "grave and imminent threat requiring immediate assistance". The suffix "medico" originally was to be added by vessels in British waters to indicate a medical problem ("pan-pan medico", repeated three times), or by aircraft declaring a non-life-threatening medical emergency of a passenger in flight, or those operating as protected medical transport in accordance with the Geneva Conventions.[9] "Pan-pan medico" is no longer in official use.[10]

Declaring emergency

Sometimes the phrase "declaring emergency" is used in aviation, as an alternative to calling "mayday".[11] For example, in 1998 Swissair Flight 111 radioed "Swissair one-eleven heavy is declaring emergency" after their situation had worsened, upgrading from the "pan-pan" which was declared earlier.[12]

However, the International Civil Aviation Organization recommends the use of the standard "pan-pan" and "mayday" calls instead of "declaring an emergency".[13] Cases of pilots using phrases other than "pan-pan" and "mayday" have caused confusion and errors in aircraft handling.[14]

Silencing other communications traffic

See also: Radio silence

"Seelonce mayday" (using an approximation of the French pronunciation of silence) is a demand that the channel only be used by the vessel/s and authorities involved with the distress. The channel may not be used for normal working traffic until "seelonce feenee" is broadcast. "Seelonce mayday" and "seelonce feenee" may only be sent by the controlling station in charge of the distress. The expression "stop transmitting – mayday" is an aeronautical equivalent of "seelonce mayday". "Seelonce distress" and "prudonce" are no longer in use since ITU WRC-07.[citation needed]

The format for a "seelonce mayday" is MAYDAY, All Stations x3 or [Interfering station] x3, this is [controlling station], SEELONCE MAYDAY.[15]

"Seelonce feenee" (from French silence fini, 'silence finished') means that the emergency situation has been concluded and the channel may now be used normally. "Distress traffic ended" is the aeronautical equivalent of "seelonce feenee".[16]

The format for the "seelonce feenee" is MAYDAY, All stations x3, this is [controlling station] x3, date and time in UTC, distressed vessels MMSI number, distressed vessels name, distressed vessels call sign, SEELONCE FEENEE.[15]

ATTACHMENT TWO – FROM WIKIPEDIA

X11 FROM WIKI

May Day

This article is about the holiday at the start of May. For the labour-related holiday, see International Workers' Day. For the distress signal, see Mayday. For other uses, see May Day (disambiguation).

May Day is a European festival of ancient origins marking the beginning of summer, usually celebrated on 1 May, around halfway between the Northern Hemisphere's Spring equinox and June solstice.^[1][2] Festivities may also be held the night before, known as May Eve. Traditions often include gathering wildflowers and green branches ("bringing in the May"),^[3] weaving floral garlands, crowning a May Queen (sometimes with a male companion), and setting up a Maypole, May Tree or May Bush, around which people dance and sing.^[4] Bonfires are also a major part of the festival in some regions. New Jersey! Regional varieties and related traditions include Walpurgis Night in central and northern Europe,^[1] the Gaelic festival Beltane,^[5] the Welsh festival Calan Mai,^[5] and May devotions to the Blessed Virgin Mary. It has also been associated with the ancient Roman festival Floralia.^[6]

International Workers' Day observed on 1 May is also called "May Day", but the two have different histories.

Origins and celebrations

The earliest known May celebrations appeared with the Floralia, festival of Flora, the Roman goddess of flowers, held from 27 April to 3 May during the Roman Republic era, and the Maiouma or Maiuma, a festival celebrating Dionysus and Aphrodite held every three years during the month of May.^[7] The Floralia opened with theatrical performances. In the Floralia, Ovid says that hares and goats were released as part of the festivities. Persius writes that crowds were pelted with vetches, beans, and lupins. A ritual called the Florifertum was performed on either 27 April or 3 May,^[8][9] during which a bundle of wheat ears was carried into a shrine, though it is not clear if this devotion was made to Flora or Ceres.^[10][11] Floralia concluded with competitive events and spectacles, and a sacrifice to Flora.^[12]

Maiouma was celebrated at least as early as the 2nd century AD, when records show expenses for the month-long festival were appropriated by Emperor Commodus.^[13] According to the 6th-century chronicles of John Malalas, the Maiouma was a "nocturnal dramatic festival, held every three years and known as Orgies, that is, the Mysteries of Dionysus and Aphrodite" and that it was "known as the Maioumas because it is celebrated in the month of May-Artemisios". During this time, enough money was set aside by the government for torches, lights, and other expenses to cover a 30-day festival of "all-night revels."^[14] The Maiouma was celebrated with splendorous banquets and offerings. Its reputation for licentiousness caused it to be suppressed during the reign of Emperor Constantine, though a less debauched version of it was briefly restored during the reigns of Arcadius and Honorius, only to be suppressed again during the same period.^[13]

During the Middle Ages, May Eve was celebrated in much of northern Europe with the lighting of bonfires at night.^[15] In the Germanic countries, this became Walpurgis Night, commemorating the official canonization of Saint Walpurga on 1 May 870.^[15] It continued the tradition of lighting bonfires.^[15] Folklorist Jack Santino says "Her day and its traditions almost certainly are traceable to pre-Christian celebrations that took place at this time".^[16] In Gaelic culture, 1 May was the celebration of Beltaine or Cétshamhain, while for the Welsh it was Calan Mai or Cyntefin.^[17] First attested in 900 AD, the celebration mainly focused on the symbolic use of fire to bless cattle and other livestock as they were moved to summer pastures. This custom continued into the early 19th century, during which time cattle would be made to jump over fires to protect their milk from being stolen by fairies. People would also leap over the fires for luck.^[18]

Witches? Since the 18th century, many Roman Catholics have observed May – and May Day – with various May devotions to the Blessed Virgin Mary.^[19] In works of art, school skits, and so forth, Mary's head will often be adorned with flowers in a May crowning. 1 May is also one of two feast days of the Catholic patron saint of workers St Joseph the Worker, a carpenter, husband to Mother Mary, and foster father of Jesus.^[20] Replacing another feast to St. Joseph, this date was chosen by Pope Pius XII in 1955 as a counterpoint to the communist International Workers' Day celebrations on May Day.^[20]

The best known modern May Day traditions, observed both in Europe and North America, include dancing around the maypole and crowning the Queen of May. Fading in popularity since the late 20th century is the tradition of giving of "May baskets", small baskets of sweets or flowers, usually left anonymously on neighbours' doorsteps.

In the late 20th century, many neopagans began reconstructing some of the older pagan festivals and combining them with more recently developed European secular and Catholic traditions, and celebrating May Day as a pagan religious festival.^[21]

Germanic regions

Germany

In rural regions of Germany, especially the Harz Mountains, Walpurgisnacht celebrations are traditionally held on the night before May Day, including bonfires and the wrapping of a Maibaum (maypole). Young people use this opportunity to party, while the day itself is used by many families to get some fresh air. Motto: "Tanz in den Mai" ("Dance into May").

In the Rhineland, 1 May is also celebrated by the delivery of a maypole, a tree covered in streamers to the house of a girl the night before. The tree is typically from a love interest, though a tree wrapped only in white streamers is a sign of dislike. Women usually place roses or rice in the form of a heart at the house of their beloved one. It is common to stick the heart to a window or place it in front of the doormat. In leap years, it is the responsibility of the women to place the maypole. All the action is usually done secretly and it is an individual's choice whether to give a hint of their identity or stay anonymous.

May Day was not established as a public holiday until Nazi Germany declared 1 May a "national workers' day" in 1933. As Labour Day, many political parties and unions host activities related to work and employment.

Tyrol

In The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion, Sir James George Frazer reported May Day customs in Tyrol during the 19th century. It was a time for banishing evil powers from the community. On the last three days of April, all houses were fumigated with juniper and rue incense. At sunset on May Day, the people held a ceremony they called "burning out the witches". The church bells were rung and people made as much noise as possible by shouting, banging pots and pans, ringing bells and cracking whips. Men carried lighted bundles of herbs fasted on poles, while women carried censers. Then would run seven times round the houses and the village, so that the witches would be "smoked out of their lurking-places and driven away".^[22]

Sweden

This article is about a holiday sometimes called May Day. For the traditional spring holiday, see May Day. For other labour-related holidays, see Labour Day (disambiguation). Official name	International Workers’ Day
Also called	May Day
Celebrations	Various, depending on the country; mostly parades, marches, barbecues
Date	1 May, or First Monday in May
Frequency	Annual
First time	1 May 1889 (135 years, 358 days)
Related to	May Day Labour Day

Country	International Workers' Day / Labour Day on 1 May
Afghanistan	No (no holiday)
Albania	Yes
Algeria	Yes
Andorra	Yes
Angola	Yes
Antigua and Barbuda	No (first Monday in May)
Argentina	Yes
Armenia	Yes
Australia	No (date varies by state/territory)
Austria	Yes
Azerbaijan	No (no holiday)
Bahamas	Yes
Bahrain	Yes
Bangladesh	Yes
Barbados	Yes
Belarus	Yes
Belgium	Yes
Belize	Yes
Benin	Yes
Bhutan	Yes
Bolivia	Yes
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Yes
Botswana	Yes
Brazil	Yes
Brunei	Yes
Bulgaria	Yes
Burkina Faso	Yes
Burundi	Yes
Cambodia	Yes
Cameroon	Yes
Canada	No (first Monday in September)
Cape Verde	Yes
Central African Republic	Yes
Chad	Yes
Chile	Yes
China	Yes
Colombia	Yes
Comoros	Yes
Republic of the Congo	Yes
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Yes
Costa Rica	Yes
Croatia	Yes
Cuba	Yes
Cyprus	Yes
Czech Republic	Yes
Denmark	No (no holiday)
Djibouti	Yes
Dominica	No (first Monday in May)
Dominican Republic	Yes
East Timor	Yes
Ecuador	Yes
Egypt	Yes
El Salvador	Yes
Equatorial Guinea	Yes
Eritrea	Yes
Estonia	No (May Day celebrated instead)^{[citation needed]}
Eswatini	Yes
Ethiopia	Yes
Fiji	No (no holiday)
Finland	No (May Day celebrated instead)^{[citation needed]}
France	Yes
Gabon	Yes
Gambia	Yes
Georgia	Yes
Germany	Yes
Ghana	Yes
Greece	Yes
Grenada	Yes
Guatemala	Yes
Guinea	Yes
Guinea-Bissau	Yes
Guyana	Yes
Haiti	Yes
Honduras	Yes
Hungary	Yes
Iceland	Yes
India	Yes
Indonesia	Yes
Iran	Yes
Iraq	Yes
Ireland	No (first Monday in May)
Israel	No (no holiday)
Italy	Yes
Ivory Coast	Yes
Jamaica	No (23 May)
Japan	No (23 November)
Jordan	Yes
Kazakhstan	No (Kazakhstan People's Unity Day celebrated instead; Labour Day falls on last Sunday in September)
Kenya	Yes
Kiribati	Yes
Kuwait	Yes
Kyrgyzstan	Yes
Laos	Yes
Latvia	Yes
Lebanon	Yes
Lesotho	Yes
Liberia	No (no holiday)
Libya	Yes
Liechtenstein	Yes
Lithuania	Yes
Luxembourg	Yes
Madagascar	Yes
Malawi	Yes
Malaysia	Yes
Maldives	Yes
Mali	Yes
Malta	Yes
Marshall Islands	Yes
Mauritania	Yes
Mauritius	Yes
Mexico	Yes
Micronesia	Yes
Moldova	Yes
Monaco	Yes
Mongolia	No (no holiday)
Montenegro	Yes
Morocco	Yes
Mozambique	Yes
Myanmar	Yes
Namibia	Yes
Nauru	Yes
Nepal	Yes
Netherlands	No (no holiday)
New Zealand	No (fourth Monday in October)
Nicaragua	Yes
Niger	Yes
Nigeria	Yes
North Korea	Yes
North Macedonia	Yes
Norway	Yes
Oman	No (no holiday)
Pakistan	Yes
Palau	Yes
Panama	Yes
Papua New Guinea	No (no holiday)
Paraguay	Yes
Peru	Yes
Philippines	Yes
Poland	Yes
Portugal	Yes
Qatar	No (no holiday)
Romania	Yes
Russia	Yes
Rwanda	Yes
Saint Kitts and Nevis	No (first Monday in May)
Saint Lucia	Yes
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Yes
Samoa	No (no holiday)
San Marino	Yes
São Tomé and Príncipe	Yes
Saudi Arabia	No (no holiday)
Senegal	Yes
Serbia	Yes
Seychelles	Yes
Sierra Leone	No (no holiday)
Singapore	Yes
Slovakia	Yes
Slovenia	Yes
Solomon Islands	No (no holiday)
Somalia	Yes
South Africa	Yes
South Korea	No (no holiday; per Labor Day Act, employers can stipulate that 1 May be made an official holiday within the company’s rules of employment)
South Sudan	Yes
Spain	Yes
Sri Lanka	Yes
Sudan	No (no holiday)
Suriname	Yes
Sweden	Yes
Switzerland	Yes
Syria	Yes
Taiwan	Yes
Tajikistan	Yes
Tanzania	Yes
Thailand	Yes
Togo	Yes
Tonga	No (no holiday)
Trinidad and Tobago	No (19 June)
Tunisia	Yes
Turkey	Yes
Turkmenistan	No (no holiday)
Tuvalu	Yes
Uganda	Yes
Ukraine	Yes
United Arab Emirates	No (no holiday)
United Kingdom	No (Early May bank holiday celebrated instead)^[182]
United States	No (first Monday in September)
Uruguay	Yes
Uzbekistan	No (no holiday)
Vanuatu	Yes
Vatican City	Yes
Venezuela	Yes
Vietnam	Yes
Yemen	Yes
Zambia	Yes
Zimbabwe	Yes

Albania	7.67
Algeria	4.82
Angola	5.76
Argentina	6.85
Armenia	7.99
Australia	8.52
Austria	8.24
Azerbaijan	5.65
Bahamas	7.82
Bahrain	5.47
Bangladesh	5.51
Barbados	7.72
Belarus	5.48
Belgium	8.33
Belize	6.82
Benin	6.86
Bhutan	6.69
Bolivia	6.83
Bosnia and Herzegovina	7.33
Botswana	7.31
Brazil	6.92
Brunei	5.65
Bulgaria	7.68
Burkina Faso	6.57
Burundi	4.85
Cambodia	6.08
Cameroon	5.3
Canada	8.55
Cape Verde	8
Central African Republic	5.34
Chad	4.99
Chile	8.16
China	5.15
Colombia	6.54
Comoros	5.45
Costa Rica	8.04
Croatia	7.96
Cyprus	8.15
Czech Republic	8.38
Denmark	8.83
Djibouti	5.32
Dominican Republic	7.56
DR Congo	5.48
Ecuador	7.03
Egypt	4.24
El Salvador	6.85
Estonia	8.75
Eswatini	5.07
Ethiopia	5.2
Fiji	7.16
Finland	8.7
France	7.86
Gabon	6.5
Gambia	6.64
Georgia	7.8
Germany	8.37
Ghana	7.19
Greece	7.49
Guatemala	7.09
Guinea	5.21
Guyana	6.74
Haiti	6.37
Honduras	6.72
Hong Kong	7.7
Hungary	7.24
Iceland	8.73
India	6.29
Indonesia	6.62
Iran	4.03
Iraq	4.73
Ireland	8.79
Israel	7.43
Italy	7.95
Ivory Coast	6.48
Jamaica	7.56
Japan	8.4
Jordan	6.32
Kazakhstan	6.4
Kenya	6.57
Kuwait	6.25
Kyrgyzstan	6.64
Laos	5.34
Latvia	8.45
Lebanon	5.74
Lesotho	6.49
Liberia	6.39
Libya	4.94
Lithuania	8.39
Luxembourg	8.71
Madagascar	6.36
Malawi	6.83
Malaysia	6.66
Mali	5.9
Malta	8.2
Mauritania	5.34
Mauritius	7.61
Mexico	6.55
Moldova	7.66
Mongolia	7.43
Montenegro	7.8
Morocco	5.48
Mozambique	6.51
Myanmar	3.88
Namibia	7.31
Nepal	6.71
Netherlands	8.57
New Zealand	8.88
Nicaragua	5.48
Niger	6.29
Nigeria	5.96
North Macedonia	7.64
Norway	8.58
Oman	5.56
Pakistan	5.49
Panama	7.57
Papua New Guinea	6.88
Paraguay	7.06
Peru	7.56
Philippines	6.46
Poland	7.69
Portugal	8.27
Qatar	5.39
Republic of the Congo	5.41
Romania	7.9
Russia	5.81
Rwanda	5.89
Saudi Arabia	4.53
Senegal	6.71
Serbia	7.14
Seychelles	7.85
Sierra Leone	6.51
Singapore	7.75
Slovakia	8.04
Slovenia	7.9
Somalia	4.49
South Africa	6.92
South Korea	8.12
Spain	8.03
Sri Lanka	6.13
Sudan	3.81
Suriname	7.07
Sweden	8.75
Switzerland	9.01
Syria	2.96
Taiwan	8.56
Tajikistan	5.44
Tanzania	6.16
Thailand	6.67
Togo	6.2
Trinidad and Tobago	7.45
Tunisia	6.22
Turkey	5.63
Uganda	5.75
Ukraine	6.72
United Arab Emirates	5.73
United Kingdom	8.39
United States	8.39
Uruguay	7.96
Venezuela	4.22
Vietnam	5.51
Yemen	3.43
Zambia	6.21
Zimbabwe	4.86
Total	6.7482822085889556

Name	Date	Location	Participants, Events, Notes and Results
Bacon's Rebellion	1676	Colony of Virginia	Bacon's forces attacked many of the neighboring Native tribes before driving governor William Berkeley from the capitol of Jamestown, burning the city.[1] Virginian settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon Suppressed by the Virginian colonial authorities after receiving reinforcements from privateer Thomas Larimore. The rebel forces, being composed of a mix of classes and races – many slaves and indentured whites among them – inspired the passing of the Virginia Slave Codes of 1705.[2]
Boston colonists			Militia took control of Boston, reestablishing the Colony of Massachusetts Bay and ending the Dominion of New England. Massachusetts' charter was permanently revoked in 1691.
Leisler's Rebellion	1689–1691	Province of New York	German American merchant and militia captain Jacob Leisler seized control of the southern portion of colonial New York and ruled it from 1689 to 1691.[4] Nine Years War militia members rebelled, took control of New York City and made merchant Jacob Leisler governor. The crown retook control two years later and executed Leisler.[5]
War of the Regulation	1765 – May 16, 1771	Colony of North Carolina	Result – Decisive government victory.[6] Royal governor of North Carolina, William Tryon and General Hugh Waddell (general) with 1,500 men; 2,300+ Regulators Led by Commanders and leaders Herman Husband, James Hunter, James Few (POW), Charles Harrington; Benjamin Merrill (POW) – Executed
American Revolution	1765–1783	North America	The Thirteen American Colonies rejected British colonial rule, overthrew the authority of the British Crown, and founded the United States of America.
Shays' Rebellion	August 1786 – June 1787	Western Massachusetts	Paper Money Riot Anti-austerity protesters and discontented Revolutionary War veterans led by Daniel Shays rising up against economic injustices and suspension of civil rights by Massachusetts.[7] Won economic reforms in a landslide election shortly after protestors were dispersed by a privately raised militia at the Springfield Armory.[8] Contributed to the convocation of the Constitutional Convention after the government established by the Articles of Confederation could not raise troops.
Whiskey Rebellion	1791–1794	Western Pennsylvania	Tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791, over 175 distillers from Kentucky were convicted of violating the tax law.[9] Suppressed by an army personally led by President Washington

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